Justice M. Govt. Ranade

 

           

         Justice M.  Govt.  Ranade

 > Laid the foundation of institutional life in Maharashtra.  The father of enlightenment in Maharashtra, the father of Hindi economics, the founder of legislative politics


 > 18 Jan 1842 Born - Niphad (Nashik)


 > Pvt.  Education - At Kolhapur, he entered Elphinstone College, Mumbai in 1858 for higher studies.


 > In 1862, he did his first class B.A. in History and Political Economy.  Done.  Also, in the English section of the newspaper 'Induprakash' - he used to write about social reforms.


 > L.L.B.  Appointed as the first Indian Fellow of the University of Mumbai.  The widow became the main pillar of the marriage board.


 > 1866 Appointed as translator.  Acting as Judge at Akkalkot Sansthan (Diwan) at Kolhapur.


 > March 31, 1840 - Prayer meeting in Mumbai - Participants - Ranade, Dr.  Atmaram Pandurang, S.G.  Bhandakar, Vaman Athari Modak


 > 1868 - Elphinstone College - Professor of English History


 > 1869 - A widow remarries.


 > 1871 - Badli took over the reins of the public meeting in Pune.


 > This year, the Mumbai government appointed him as a district judge.


 > 1813 - Death of first wife at the behest of father - Marriage to 12 year old virgin.  M.  Govt.  Ranade's opposition to child marriage and his failure to comply with the award of widowhood - a strong criticism from society.


 > 1885 - Appointed as Law Member in the Mumbai Legislative Assembly.  (Mumbai District Group Inner)


 > 1887 - Establishment of the Indian Social Conference.  Ranade did.  The motive behind it was that social issues should be discussed in the Congress convention but the Congress leaders were not in favor of it.  Therefore, this conference was organized in 1887 after the Congress session.  To avoid discord between the two, he announced that the social conference would not be held in the Congress convention hall


 > 1889 - Establishment of Industrial Association of Westem India,


 > 1890 Industrial Council
# 1893 Appointment as a Judge of Mumbai High Court


 > 1896 - After Tilak took over the public meeting - Ranade started the organization "Deccan Sabha" and later handed over the responsibility of this organization to disciple Gopal Krishna Gokhale.  .Ranade - No. Govt. K. Gokhale - M. Gandhi Death - Jan. 16, 1901, Mumbai Writing - Monotheism


 > The content of Ranade's MA exam was so beautiful that his answer sheet was sent by Sir Alexander Grant - to inspire students at the University of Edinburgh.


 > Ranade - was a believer - his ideological meeting is religious spiritualism and philosophical liberalism


 > Recognize the existence of God.  Because of him, the laws of nature work.  Agree with August Comte's view - "The moral laws that man has made in his conscience reveal the divine part in the water,


 > Don't believe in incarnation theory.  Theism, destiny is not acceptable.


 > Western thinkers influencing Ranade: Hegel, August, Coms, Spengler, etc.


 > He was always criticizing the ideological slaves in Indian society
#Living apart
# Not using intellect
# Caste, Caste
# Living on air.  Criticism of this


 > Indian Social Conference - Ranade uses this conference to inculcate the idea that only by raising the moral level of man through various social reforms can political and economic reforms take place.


 > He had mentioned four methods to improve the society.
 (1) Traditional method - to give new meaning to the original scriptures and to convince the society that there is a basis for reforms in it.  This method was adopted by Swami Dayanand and Raja Rammohan Roy.  E.g.  Manusmriti, Purana - these reward a Palitva.


 (2) Ideological change - to bring about change by appealing to human thoughts.  Tools - Meetings, Lectures, Interviews, Correspondence, Articles etc.  He also emphasized on bringing about ideological change in the people through various organizations.


 (3) Changes in the law - The state should make some laws.  Which will contribute to social reforms.

 E.g.  (1) The age of marriage should be fixed.  16 to 18 of the child.  The girl's age is 10 to 12

 (2) For marriage - local bodies should be allowed.

 (3) If the man is more than 45 years of age, he should not marry a virgin.

 (4) Children who do not get married till the completion of their education should be given a special prize by the university.

 Tilak was of the opinion that the rules of social reform should not be allowed to be made by foreign British,


 (4) The revolutionary method was not acceptable to them.  Like Hegel and Keshavchandrasen, he thought that God was behind the development of history.  He believed that divine power was superior to human power - so the arrival of the British in India and their rule here was part of God's plan.  In his book 'Rise of Maratha Power', he discusses how Indian nationalism originated.  There were religious and social reasons behind the rise of Marathas.  He was the offspring of the Southern Enlightenment.

 Indian nationalism started during the reign of Shivaji Raja.


 > India - as a nation - was an important part of the British - in building.


 > Hindus-Muslims need to come together.  It is.


 > He says about social extortion
 # "What is the detrimental effect of injustice is that those who are oppressed at a very low level - under injustice, lick the hands of those who exploit them."
 # It was a mixture of individualism and idealism.
# Believed in British law and justice.
# Liberal
# Thoughts of all individuals in the community together
# Like Aristotle - the purpose of society and the state - in the happiness and welfare of the individual




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